Randomn Tip From the "Everyday Reference Library." 1957

Repairing Frozen Pipes: page 136:

"Lead pipes, when frozen, will usually have a slight bulge in them. Examine the pipe for breaks. If the pipe has no breaks in it, it is safe to thaw out. Soak cloths in hot water and apply as hot as possible to the frozen spot. An electric heater or oil stove placed or near the pipe will work very well. Do not thaw out the middle of the pipe first, as the pipe may burst from the expansion of water. When a water pipe is being thawed out, work toward the supply, open faucet to show when the flow starts. When thawing sewer or drain pipes, work upward from the lower end to allow the water to drain away"